Fuels and Combustion
December 8, 2016
Categorised in: 1st Year Chemistry
$G.C.V = N.C.V + ({9 . h. \text"latent heat of water"}/{100})$
GCV = Gross Calorific Value
NCV = Net Calorific Value
h = percentage of hydrogen in fuel
$G.C.V. = L = {(W+w) (t_2 – t_1)}/{x}$ cal/gm
x = mass of fuel in gm
W = mass of water in calorimeter
w = water equivalent of calorimeter set
L = Gross calorific value of fuel
$(t_2 – t_1)$ = Rise in temperature of water
NCV = GCV – 0.09 x h x 587 cal/gm
$\text"GCV of coal" = {(W+w) (t_2 – t_1 + t_c) – (a+f)}/{m}$
f = Fuse wire correction
a = Acid correction (a)
$t_c$ = Cooling correction
m = weight
$NCV = {W(t_2 – t_1)}/{V} – {m * 587}/{V}$ kcal/$m^3$
Heat = $m/V$ x 587 kcal/$m^3$
NCV = GCV – $m/V$ x 587
$C% = {\text"Weight of " CO_2 * 12 * 100}/{\text"Weight of coal sample" * 44}$
$H% = {\text"Weight of " HO_2 \text"formed" * 2 * 100}/{\text"Weight of coal sample" * 18}$
$Moisture% = {\text"Weight of moisture"}/{\text"Weight of coal"}$ x 100
$Ash% = {\text"Weight of ash"}/{\text"Weight of coal"}$ x 100
Fixed carbon (F.C.) = 100 – (moisture% + V.M% + ash%)
Sulphar in coal (S%) = ${32}/{233}$ x ${\text"Weight of "BaSO_4}/{\text"Weight of coal"}$ x 100
Volatile matter (V.M) = ${\text"Weight of V.M"}/{\text"Weight of coal"}$ x 100
$N% = {\text"Volume of acid consumed x normality of acid x 1.4"}/{\text"Weight of coal"}$
Solid or liquid fuels
$O_2$ quantity = $({32}/{12}C + 8H +S – O)$ kg of oxygen
Actual Air quantity = ${\text"Oxygen quantity" * (100 + %excess air) }/{23}$ kg
moles of an element in fuel = ${\text"Weight of element in fuel"}/{\text"Atomic weight of element"}$
Gaseous fuels
$O_2$ volume required = $m^3$ of the gas component x Volumes of $O_2$ per volume of gas
Actual air volume required = ${\text"Volume of oxygen" * (100 + %\text"excess air")}/{21}$
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