$G.C.V = N.C.V + ({9 . h. \text"latent heat of water"}/{100})$ GCV = Gross Calorific Value NCV = Net Calorific Value h = percentage of hydrogen in fuel $G.C.V. = L = {(W+w) (t_2 – t_1)}/{x}$ cal/gm x = mass of fuel in gm W = mass of water in calorimeter w = water equivalent of calorimeter set L = Gross calorific value of fuel $(t_2 – t_1)$ = Rise in temperature of water NCV = GCV – 0.09 x h x 587 cal/gm $\text"GCV of coal" = {(W+w) (t_2 – t_1 + t_c) – (a+f)}/{m}$ f = Fuse wire ...
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For the old formulae… Go in XII -> Chemistry -> Electrochemistry Buffer solution $pH = pK_a + log{\text"Conjugate base"}/{Acid}$ $pH = p K_a + log{[salt]}/{[\text"weak acid"]}$ Lambert’s Law -${dI}/{I_o}$ α dx $I_o$ = Intensity (radiant power) of the incident radiation dx = Small thickness of solution or path length dI = Small decrease in intensity of light = $I_o – I_t$ Beer’s Law -${dI}/{I_o}$ α dC Lambert-Beer Law Absorbance, $A = log {I_o}/{I_t} = k.x.C$ ${I_o}/{I_t}$ = transmittance A = ∈ . x . C ∈ = molar absorptibity/ molar extinction coefficient
Hardness of water sample: $y/V$ x Z x 100 x 1000 ppm $CaCO_3$ equivalent V = volume fo water sample titrated y = volume of disodium EDTA (burette reading) Z = molarity of disodium EDTA solution 1 ml standard hard water contains 1 mg $CaCO_3$ Temporary hardness = total hardness – permanent hardness Popular Atomic Weights H -> 1 C -> 12 N -> 14 O -> 16 Na -> 23 Al -> 27 Cl -> 35.5 Ca -> 40 Cr -> 52 $\table Alkalinity,OH,C{O^{-2}_3},HC{O^{-2}_3};P = 0,0,0,M;P=1/2 M,0,2P,0;P=M,P,0,0;P1/2M,(2P-M),2(M-P),0$ P = Phenolphthalin akalinity M = Methyl orange alkalinity = total alkalinity ...
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