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Complex Number operations using operator overloading & friend function (C++)

April 23, 2016
Published By : Pratik Kataria
Categorised in: , 

/* Design a C++ class complex with data members for real and imaginery 
parts provide default and parameterized constructors. Write a program to 
perform arithmetic operations of two complex numbers using operator overloading.
Use either member function or friend function.
*/

/*
Theory:
Operator overloading through member function: Binary -> 1 formal parameter, 
Unary -> 0 formal parameter

Operator overloading through friend function: Binary -> 2 formal parameter, 
Unary -> 1 formal parameter
*/


#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class complex {

    double real;
    double imaginery;
    
public:
    
    static int num;
    
    complex(){
        real = 0; imaginery = 0;
    }
    
    complex(double a1, double a2){
        real = a1;
        imaginery = a2;
    }
    
    complex operator +(complex c){
        complex temp;
        temp.real = this->real + c.real;
        temp.imaginery = this->imaginery + c.imaginery;
        return(temp);
    }
    
    complex operator *(complex c){
        complex temp;
        temp.real = (this->real * c.real) – (this->imaginery * c.imaginery);
        temp.imaginery = (this->imaginery * c.real) + (this->real * c.imaginery);
        return(temp);
    }
    
    complex operator /(complex c){
        complex temp;
        //OR we can take common div: int div = (c.real*c.real) + (c.imaginery*c.imaginery);
        temp.real=((real*c.real)+(imaginery*c.imaginery))/((c.real*c.real)+(c.imaginery*c.imaginery));
        temp.imaginery=((imaginery*c.real)-(real*c.imaginery))/((c.real*c.real)+(c.imaginery*c.imaginery));
        return(temp);
    }
    
    friend complex operator -(complex c1, complex c2){
        complex temp;
        temp.real = c1.real – c2.real;
        temp.imaginery = c1.imaginery – c2.imaginery;
        return(temp);
    
    }
    
    void display(int flag){
    
        if(flag == 1) cout<<"Addition:"<<endl;
        else if(flag == 2) cout<<"Subtraction:"<<endl;
        else if(flag == 3) cout<<"Multiplication:"<<endl;
        else if(flag == 4) cout<<"Division:"<<endl;
        else{
            cout<<"Operand "<<num<<":"<<endl;
        }
        cout<<this->real<<"+i"<<this->imaginery<<endl;
    
    }

};

int complex::num;

int main(){

    complex::num = 1;
    
    complex obj1(3, 2);
    
    obj1.display(0);
    
    complex::num++;
    
    complex obj2(6, 4);
    
    obj2.display(0);
    
    complex obj3;
    
    obj3 = obj1 + obj2;
    
    obj3.display(1);
    
    obj3 = obj2 – obj1;        //obj2(obj1) i.e. obj2 is invoking object
    
    obj3.display(2);
    
    obj3 = obj1 * obj2;
    
    obj3.display(3);
    
    obj3 = obj2/obj1;
    
    obj3.display(4);
    
    return 0;

}

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